Free English philology practice tests 7 online

 

H D.Education D.Sclias προσφέρει ΔΩΡΕΑΝ

Τα παρακάτω θέματα και ασκήσεις, τα οποία είναι  πολύ χρήσιμα βοηθήματα για όλους

τους σπουδαστές της Αγγλικής γλώσσας και τους υποψήφιους ή φοιτητές  Αγγλικής

φιλολογίας Ιδιαίτερα για όσους θέλουν να αποκτήσουν ένα επίσημο

δίπλωμα Αγγλικών .π.χ. lower – Proficiency

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English philology part 7A

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Α. Να αποδώσετε στο τετράδιό σας στην ελληνική γλώσσα το παρακάτω κείµενο, προσδίδοντάς του τη µορφή που θα έπρεπε να έχει, αν επρόκειτο να δηµοσιευθεί σε ελληνικό έντυπο:

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Not so long ago there was an equal balance of men and women in Professor Phillip Brown’s sociology classes. Now there isn’t. In a recent lecture there were just five men in the group of 50 he was teaching. And it’s not just sociology.

Throughout the UK higher education system, women are the dominant number while men are disappearing like flies before a thunderstorm.

 

Driven by success at school, girls are going into higher education in ever increasing numbers. Over the last decade more than 70% of the increase in undergraduates in the UK has been female. It’s not just school leavers who are skewing* the balance. Women in their 30s are also applying to be admitted as mature students.

Brown is co-author of a controversial book which argues that the need for graduate workers is not as great as the government predicts and that too many employers are asking for graduate skills they don’t need.

 

He believes middle-class boys are as interested in going to university as they ever were, but that working-class boys continue to be as uninterested as ever. The shift is occurring as a result of working-class girls and women seeking higher qualifications, because more jobs need credentials*, thereby increasing the gender gap.

Education Guardian Weekly, May 18, 2004

(25 points) *to skew = ανατρέπω

*credential = απόδειξη γνώσεων/διαπιστευτήριο

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Απάντηση:

Δεν πάνε πολλά χρόνια που υπήρχα ισάριθμοι άντρες και γυναίκες στις τάξεις κοινωνιολογίας του καθηγητή Phillip Brown. Αυτό δεν συμβαίνει τώρα πια. Σε μια πρόσφατη διάλεξη υπήρχαν μόνο 5 άνδρες στο γκρουπ των 50 ατόμων που δίδασκε. Και αυτό δεν αφορά μόνο την κοινωνιολογία. Στον ευρύτερο χώρο της εκπαίδευσης  στη Μεγάλη Βρετανία, οι γυναίκες είναι κυρίαρχες σε αριθμό ενώ οι άνδρες εξαφανίζονται όπως οι μύγες πριν από την καταιγίδα.

Με στόχο την επιτυχία τους στο σχολείο, όλο και περισσότερα κορίτσια μπαίνουν στην ανώτερη εκπαίδευση.

Μόλις την τελευταία δεκαετία, πάνω από 70% των αποφοίτων στη Μεγάλη Βρετανία είναι θηλυκού γένους.Και δεν είναι μόνο οι απόφοιτοι της δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης που ανατρέπουν αυτή την ισορροπία.

Γυναίκες στα τριάντα τους μπαίνουν στο πανεπιστήμιο σαν “ώριμοι” φοιτητές.

 

Ο Brown, με άλλον ένα συγγραφέα, έχει γράψει ένα επίμαχο βιβλίο στο οποίο και ισχυρίζεται ότι η ανάγκη για πτυχιούχους εργάτες δεν είναι τόσο μεγάλη όσο προβλέπει το κράτος και ότι πολλοί εργοδότες απαιτούν ακαδημαϊκά προσόντα τα οποία δεν χρειάζονται. Πιστεύει ότι τα αγόρια της μεσαίας τάξης ακόμα ενδιαφέρονται

να πάνε πανεπιστήμιο όπως γινόταν και παλιά αλλά τα αγόρια της εργατικής τάξης συνεχίζουν να είναι αδιάφορα όπως πάντα. Η αλλαγή αυτή είναι αποτέλεσμα της αναζήτησης υψηλοτέρων τυπικών προσόντων από τα κορίτσια και τις γυναίκες της εργατικής τάξης, εφόσον όλο και περισσότερες θέσεις εργασίας

απαιτούν πιστοποιητικά γνώσεων και έτσι με αυτό τον τρόπο μεγαλώνει το χάσμα μεταξύ των δύο φύλων.

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Β. Να απαντήσετε στο τετράδιό σας στα αγγλικά στις παρακάτω ερωτήσεις:

B1. a. Give a title to the above text.

Απάντηση:

‘The changing gender balance in Higher education’

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b. Rephrase the following. (Do not use the same words from the original) :

“The shift is occurring as a result of working-class girls and women seeking higher qualifications, because More jobs need credentials, thereby increasing the gender gap”.

Απάντηση:

The change in the proportion of men to women in higher education has come about because many lower

income females need university degrees to find work, thus the growing disparity between the sexes.

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c. ……… men are disappearing like flies before a thunderstorm.

Why do you think the author uses this simile ? (about 30 words). (5 points)

Απάντηση:

The author’s simile emphasises the rapidly decreasing number of men in higher education because women’s need for qualifications has been a powerful driving force that has dramatically affected the educational

status quo.

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B2. a. Why do you think a school leaver may not be interested in going into higher education ? Write a short paragraph giving at least four reasons. (Not more than 50 words).

Απάντηση:

Many school leavers start work immediately to guarantee an income in a society where finding a job is becoming increasingly difficult. A degree is no longer expensive and guarantees a career and following a parent’s footsteps in an established business, or learning a trade, are becoming more attractive options for the young.

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b. In a short paragraph give at least three factors which may determine the choice of a job. (Not more than 50 words).

Απάντηση:

Traditionally young people have followed the career path of a parent and this is still common today. However with the globalization of the workplace, it is often the availability of work that determines choice. Also, factors such as salary or working conditions define the job a person will choose.

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c. What other factors besides a university degree guarantee a successful career ? In a short paragraph write at least four other factors. (Not more than 50 words).

Απάντηση:

In my opinion there are a lot of factors that guarantee a successful career. The most important are that the person seeking a career should have a strong personality, responsibility, determination and of course to be willing to work hard in order to succeed. Furthermore, knowing people in key positions in business helps a lot. Having more skills also helps, such as speaking languages or having a second university degree.

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Γ. Να γράψετε κείµενο 180 – 200 λέξεων µε θέµα:

Reality show upon reality show appear on many TV channels. Write an essay discussing the reasons why more and more young people participate in reality shows.

Απάντηση:

In recent years the most successful TV shows have been the ‘Big Brother’ style of reality show, involving a number of young people, recorded by cameras over a number of weeks. Many people are almost desperate to appear in them, for reasons that have gone beyond these shows just being the latest fashion.

 

Firstly, it is believed that fame is the foremost factor behind many people’s desire to participate in reality shows. Players know that the TV channels are interested, and newspapers will all focus on them as ‘over-night’ stars. It does not involve years of hard work, only the benefit of being recognized. Not only the winner, but also many players may go into a range of lucrative careers through their newly acquired fame.

 

It is also true that large sums of prize money or singing contracts are sometimes available. These represent more specific incentives for young players. Other participants may claim that they take part for a change in their life, to show off, or simply for the challenge. As surveillance cameras and the media are ever-present, in our daily lives any fear of invasion of privacy has been removed by the potential benefits

offered on reality shows.

In conclusion, it can be concluded that the role of the camera and the desire to become famous are the essential attractions that lure so many young people to participate in reality shows.

 

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English philology part 7B

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Α. Να αποδώσετε στο τετράδιό σας στην ελληνική γλώσσα το παρακάτω κείμενο, προσδίδοντάς του τη μορφή που θα έπρεπε να έχει, αν επρόκειτο να δημοσιευθεί σε ελληνικό έντυπο:

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For more than a decade, Britons have listened to claims that the internet would transform their lives; that it would affect the manner in which they do business, interact socially, even think and behave. Often, the predictions have seemed premature or exaggerated, but a far reaching new survey from the Oxford Internet Institute makes clear that the spread of the net has indeed changed family life in subtle yet profound ways.

 

Drawn from interviews in nearly 2,200 British households, the Oxford Internet Survey, to be published later this month, provides the first detailed snapshot of what we as a nation do when we are online.

Of active users, 7 in 10 now regard the internet as important or very important to their way of life, and a similar number believe it to be of general benefit to daily life.

 

The average user spends 1 hour per day online; 9% say they spend less time with their family, 17% read fewer books and a whopping 28% watch less television.

The net is also changing the way we shop, learn, think, maintain relationships and make new friends. Significantly, the third most popular online activity is given as “surfing” :

trawling the net has become a leisure activity in its own right. People log on to relax after a hard day’s work just as they once tuned into the television.

The Sunday Times, June 12, 2005 (25 points)

whopping : τεράστιος, συγκλονιστικός

to trawl : ερευνώ, ψάχνω επισταμένως,  surfing : πλοήγηση

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Απάντηση:

Για περισσότερο από μια δεκαετία, οι Βρετανοί ακούν εικασίες/ ισχυρισμούς ότι το Ιντερνετ/Διαδίκτυο, θα αλλάξει την ζωή τους, ότι θα επηρέαζε τον τρόπο που ‘κάνουν δουλειές’, επικοινωνούν σε κοινωνικό επίπεδο, ακόμη και τον τρόπο που σκέπτονται ή συμπεριφέρνονται.

 

Αρκετές φορές, αυτές οι προβλέψεις θεωρήθηκαν πρώιμες ή υπερβολικές, αλλά μια μεγάλη έρευνα από το ινστιτούτο Internet της Οξφόρδης, δείχνει με σαφήνεια ότι η εξάπλωση του διαδικτύου έχει όντως αλλάξει την οικογενειακή ζωή, ίσως όχι τόσο εμφανώς, αλλά ουσιαστικά.

 

Αντλώντας στοιχεία από συνεντεύξεις που διεξήχθησαν σε σχεδόν 2.200 Βρετανικές οικογένειες, η έρευνα για το Ιντερνετ της Οξφόρδης, που θα δημοσιευθεί αργότερα αυτό το μήνα, παρέχει την πρώτη λεπτομερή εικόνα του τι κάνουμε σαν λαός όταν είμαστε συνδεδεμένοι στο Ιντερνετ.

 

Σε κάθε 10 ενεργούς χρήστες οι 7 θεωρούν το διαδίκτυο σημαντικό ή πολύ σημαντικό στον τρόπο ζωής τους, και άλλοι τόσοι πιστεύουν ότι είναι πολύ ωφέλιμο στην καθημερινή τους ζωή. Ο μέσος χρήστης περνάει μια ώρα τη μέρα στο διαδίκτυο, το 9% λένε ότι περνούν λιγότερο χρόνο με την οικογένεια τους, το 17%

διαβάζουν λιγότερα βιβλία και ένα συγκλονιστικό 28% παρακολουθεί λιγότερη τηλεόραση.

 

Το διαδίκτυο επηρεάζει σημαντικά και τον τρόπο που ψωνίζουμε, μαθαίνουμε, σκεπτόμαστε, διατηρούμε σχέσεις και κάνουμε νέους φίλους. Είναι απαραίτητο να επισημάνουμε ότι η πλοήγηση στο διαδίκτυο είναι η τρίτη πιο δημοφιλής δραστηριότητα και η τακτική έρευνα στο διαδίκτυο  έχει δικαιωματικά γίνει μια ασχολία ελεύθερου χρόνου. Οι άνθρωποι συνδέονται στο διαδίκτυο για να ξεκουραστούν μετά από μια

μέρα σκληρής εργασίας με τον ίδιο τρόπο που κάποτε συντονίζονταν στην τηλεόραση τους.

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Β. Να απαντήσετε στο τετράδιό σας στα αγγλικά στις παρακάτω ερωτήσεις:

B1. a. Give a title to the above text. (4 points)

Απάντηση:

‘Predictions that the internet changes lives is shown to be true.’

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b. What does the author mean by the phrase “the spread of the net has indeed changed family life in subtle yet profound ways”? (Not more than 40 words) (5 points)

Απάντηση:

The growing use of the internet has had a substantial effect on the way family members communicate

with and react to each other although these changes are fairly discreet and so are not immediately obvious.

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c. Rephrase the following by using your own words to express the meaning of the text : “Drawn from interviews in nearly 2,200 British households, the Oxford Internet Survey, to be published later this month, provides the first detailed snapshot of what we as a nation do when we are online.” (6 points)

Απάντηση:

“Drawn from interviews in nearly 2,200 British house holds, the Oxford Internet survey, to be published later this month, provides this first detailed snapshot of what we as a nation do when we are online.”

The Oxford internet survey which involves data taken from nearly 2200 British families will be released later this month. The survey offers the first detailed picture of how the British are using the internet.

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B2. a. What are some of the dangers of the use of the internet by young people? In a short paragraph discuss at least four possible dangers. (Not more than 50 words). (4 points)

Απάντηση:

Young people may spend too many hours surfing the net and so do not communicate with their family and friends. The internet stops them reading books and affects the way they think. Meeting people on the internet can be dangerous and they may look at unsuitable sites.

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b. In your opinion how has the internet changed our lives positively? In a short paragraph discuss at least three possible benefits of the internet to our daily lives. (Not more than 50 words). (6 points)

Απάντηση:

The internet has made the global communication easier. We also have immediate access to world news.

It allows us to learn about other cultures and to become more understanding and sympathetic to others.

It is particularly useful for international business as well as social and personal communication.

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c. After a tiring day at school do you prefer to relax by reading a book, watching TV or surfing the net?

In a short paragraph give reasons for your choice. (Not more than 50 words). (5 points)

Απάντηση:

I enjoy the net because I find it relaxing, fun and informative. I particularly enjoy playing games such as backgammon and listening to music. I prefer to see the news on the internet because I can focus on the stories that I am interested in. I prefer the net to reading books because books remind me of schoolwork.

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Γ. Να γράψετε κείμενο 180 – 200 λέξεων με θέμα:

Next month your school magazine will deal with the following issue : “The arts, such as music, dance, painting and theatre, are vitally important to students’ education and should therefore receive as much emphasis as mathematics, science, language and other mainstream subjects”. Write an article for your school magazine,

discussing your views on the above topic. Do not sign the article. (45 points)

Απάντηση:

There is much debate about the importance of the arts in mainstream education and, as in most cases, there are two sides to every story.

 

I personally believe that some education in the arts is of the utmost importance for all children. I believe that everyone should be encouraged to develop their creative side. They do not have to be particularly talented, but just given the chance to express themselves in a way that they enjoy.

 

On the other hand, there must be a balance in education and other subjects such as maths, science and languages are of equal importance and all students should be urged to develop their skills in all areas as much as they can.

It can be argued however, that many students who are academically weak, are often very good at art, drama or music and if they are given the chance to develop their artistic talents, they will grow in confidence and this will help them in other aspects of their life.

 

In conclusion, I would say that education needs to be balanced in all areas but with the opportunity for the individual to shine in their personally chosen field of study.

 

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English philology part 7C

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Α. Να αποδώσετε στο τετράδιό σας στην ελληνική γλώσσα το παρακάτω κείμενο, προσδίδοντάς του τη μορφή που θα έπρεπε να έχει, αν επρόκειτο να δημοσιευθεί σε ελληνικό έντυπο: 
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Katia Eliad, an artist, felt blocked in her creativity, out of touch with herself and for some inexplicable reason unable to use green or blue in her abstract paintings. So she started an unusual treatment: daily two hour sessions of Mozart’s music for three weeks at a time. The impact, she says, was dramatic. “It feels like I’ve done 10 years of psychoanalysis in just eight months”. As for Mozart, “he’s become like a grandfather who calms you when you wake up in the middle of a nightmare”. 

 

Over the past decade, Mozart has increasingly been placed in a role that is the most controversial of all: as healer of mind and body. But by far the most widespread – and most disputed – recent claim is that Mozart can enhance your brain power. In this Mozart anniversary year, it seems, anything goes. Cagnozzi,

 

a Tuscan winemaker, has been piping Mozart to his vines for the past five years. Playing Mozart to his grapes has a dramatic effect, he claims. “It ripens them faster”, he says, adding that it also keeps away parasites and birds. With so little understood about the psychological and physiological effects of music, researchers are now studying Cagnozzi’s claims. 
Time Europe, January 16, 2006 (25 points)

to pipe: παίζω μουσική

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Απάντηση:

Η Katia Eliad, µια καλλιτέχνιδα, ένιωσε να µπλοκάρεται η δηµιουργικότητά της, να µη βρίσκεται σε επαφή µε τον εαυτό της και για κάποιο ανεξήγητο λόγο να µην µπορεί να χρησιµοποιήσει πράσινο ή µπλε στους αφηρηµένους πίνακές της. Έτσι ξεκίνησε µια ασυνήθιστη θεραπεία: καθηµερινά δίωρα ακούσµατα µουσικής του Mozart για τρεις εβδοµάδες τη φορά. Η επίδραση, λέει, ήταν θεαµατική. «Μοιάζει σα να έχω κάνει δέκα χρόνια ψυχανάλυση µόνο σε οκτώ µήνες. Όσον αφορά τον Mozart, «έχει γίνει σαν ένας παππούς ο οποίος σε ηρεµεί όταν ξυπνάς στη µέση ενός εφιάλτη».

 

Την τελευταία δεκαετία, όλο και περισσότερο δίνεται στον Mozart ένας ρόλος ο οποίος είναι ο πιο αµφιλεγόµενος από όλους: ως θεραπευτής του πνεύµατος και του σώµατος. Όµως ο κατά πολύ πιο διαδεδοµένος – και διαφιλονικούµενος – πρόσφατος ισχυρισµός είναι ότι ο Mozart µπορεί να ενισχύσει τη δύναµη του µυαλού.

Αυτό το χρόνο στην επέτειο του Mozart, φαίνεται ότι όλα ισχύουν.

 

Ο Cagnozzi, ένας οινοπαραγωγός από την Τοσκάνη, παίζει µουσική του Mozart στα κλήµατά του τα τελευταία πέντε χρόνια. Ισχυρίζεται ότι το να παίζει Mozart στα σταφύλια του έχει θεαµατικό αποτέλεσµα. «Τα βοηθά να ωριµάσουν πιο γρήγορα», λέει, προσθέτοντας ότι κρατάει επίσης µακριά τα παράσιτα και τα πουλιά. Έχοντας κατανοήσει τόσο λίγα σχετικά µε τις επιδράσεις της µουσικής στην ψυχολογία και τη φυσιολογία, οι ερευνητές τώρα µελετούν τους ισχυρισµούς του Cagnozzi.

Time Europe, 16 Ιανουαρίου 2006(45 points)

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Β. Να απαντήσετε στο τετράδιό σας στα αγγλικά στις παρακάτω ερωτήσεις: 
B1. a. Give a title to the above text. (4 points)
Απάντηση:

Β1. a. THE BENEVOLENT INFLUENCE OF MUSIC ON NATURE’S BEINGS
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b. As for Mozart, “he’s become like a grandfather who calms you when you wake up in the middle of a nightmare”. Why do you think Katia Eliad uses this simile? Write a short paragraph of not more than 50 words. (5 points)
Απάντηση:

b. Eliad’s choice to compare Mozard to a grandfather is indicative of her attempt to emphasize οn elderly wisdom and experience which seems to be beneficial to those found in a deadlock situation. Youngsters seem to be at a loss due to the sterility of everyday life whereas the elderly are endowed with the qualities to confront similar situations.

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c. Ιn this Mozart anniversary year, it seems, anything goes. What does the author imply by the phrase “anything goes”? Write your answer in a short paragraph of not more than 50 words. (6 points)
Απάντηση:

c. What the author denotes is that Mozard’s talent is versatile since, through his music he has the ability to reinforce brain power as well as help individuals unleash their suppressed feelings and emotions.

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B2. a. The article states that listening to classical music can uplift your soul and make you smarter. What other things/ activities may have a similar effect on people? Write a short paragraph, explaining the effect of at least three activities. (Not more than 50 words). (4 points)
Απάντηση:

Β2. a. It is indisputable that creative activities such as reading, taking uρ a sport and painting have beneficial impact on people. Reading, for instance, helps people broaden their horizons, enrich their knowledge as well as escape daily routine. Sports, on the other hand, promote team spirit as well as collaboration and help individuals cope with demanding situations in which they should be alert and quick-thinking. Last but not least, painting boosts creativity and smoothes one’s ruffled feathers.

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b. Why do you think advertisers use music very often when promoting their products? In a short paragraph give at least three reasons. (Not more than 50 words). (6 points)
Απάντηση:

b. Advertising and marketing are closely related to music. Those involved in advertising tend to use music when launching their products bearing in mind that a catchy tune makes an advertisement pleasing and easily remembered.

Moreover, advertisements based on music are more popular to teenagers, who seem to be their target group. All in all, advertisers are very much aware of the fact that by adorning an advertisement with music they make it less tedious and monotonous.

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c. Suppose you were a school psychologist. Would you consider using music relaxation sessions at school? Justify your answer. (Not more than 50 words). (5 points)
Απάντηση:

c. Music already constitutes a new approach as far as pedagogical methods are concerned since it helps student’s relieve tension and anxiety. Therefore, it would be wise to apply such sessions at school owing to music enjoying a civilizing influence. Beyond this, music has been traditionally accepted as a cultivation force of one’s inner being.
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Γ. Να γράψετε κείμενο 180 – 200 λέξεων με θέμα: 
«European Year of Citizenship through Education”. 
The Council of Europe with the contribution of school children across Europe is developing guidelines for Democratic Schools without Violence. 
Write a letter to the Council of Europe website discussing some of the causes of violence in schools and suggesting ways in which it can be abolished. Do not write any address on the letter. (45 points)
Sign the letter as N. Georgiou.

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Απάντηση:

Γ. Dear Sirs,

Being a citizen of the European Union, Ι should wish to share with you my thoughts on Democratic Schools without Violence. It is a sad fact to witness violent behaviour in European schools, an environment where the cultivation of arts and letters have historically affected the ascension of man’s spirit. Α basic cause of violence has been the family background a child has grown up.

 

Families which have suffered a divorce or exercised parental pressure, for various reasons, on the children along with the lack of communication between parents and their offsprings, constitute basic stimuli for violent attitude.

Α further incentive for violent behaviour have been the diverse impetuses children receive from television and cinema. It seems to me that these certainties have come to promote individualism among children. Hence, teenagers resort to the formation of various peer groups which long to be noticed by committing brutal actions on their school mates.

 

In my view, local municipal administration could encourage courses on family togetherness and the role of family unity at a time of difficulty. In addition, the state could provide the suffering families with the help of social workers and psychologists in an attempt to achieve balance in the family environment.

 

In terms of the school terrain, the teachers ought to inspire communication and collaboration to their students. The value of working as a team should be the guiding impulse to life. What is more, every school should be equipped with the assistance of experts on child development and behaviour rehabilitation.

Thank you for your attention. I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours sincerely,

Ν. Georgiou.

 

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