Seven paragraphs have been removed from this extract. Choose from paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap(38-44). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. PARAGRAPHS REMOVED A… Since then robot spacecraft have been sent to photograph other planets in the solar system, and spacecraft packed with scientific equipment hare landed on Mars and Venus and relayed information back to the Earth. B… The Russians then went on to achieve their triple first with the landing of a robot explorer, Luna IX, on the moon in 1966. It was from Luna IX that the first TV pictures of the Moon were transmitted to Earth. C… In September 1977 the Russians put up the Salyut VI space station, which was the first to be fully operational. The two Russian cosmonauts, Yuri Romanenko and Georgi Grechko, lived in the station from its launching until March 1978, D… They intend to man it with mixed American/European crews. Space will then become really 'international'. E… For many years the Russians and Americans competed with each other and it has only been recently in the seventies that they have agreed to co-operate on some projects. F… Two more spaceship; the Voyagers I and II, were sent to the outer planets to transmit information and photographs of Jupiter and its 13 moons before passing on to Saturn and its rings. The Voyager II will then continue its journey to reach Uranus in 1986 and finally Neptune will be approached in 1989. G… The Salyut VI is expected to remain in space for as long as five years, being refueled and supplied by the unmanned Progress I spacecraft. Eventually, the Russians hope to join several Salyut spacecraft in modules to assemble a truly permanent space station. H… Eventually representatives from all the Eastern European countries, Mongolia, and Cuba will have made space flights. This will break the US/Soviet monopoly of space. Choose from paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap(38-44). 5. WRITTEN SKILLS Ever since October 1957, when the Russians sent up the first artificial satellite, Sputnik I, to orbit the Earth, there has been an escalation of interest in space exploration. Only four months after Sputnik I the Americans launched their first satellite, Explorer I; and then the space race began. 38. After the achievement of the early satellites the next landmark in space travel was the putting of the first man into space. Once again the Russians were first, and Yuri Gagarin orbited the Earth in a Vostok spacecraft in April 1961, a mere three and a half years after the launching of the first satellite. 39. Several more robot spacecraft explored the Moon's atmosphere and surface until finally, in July 1969, the first men landed and walked on the Moon's surface. These were of course, the famous Americans, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin, and probably everyone has seen TV pictures or photographs of this historic event. 40. Pioneer XI an American spacecraft, passed the planet Jupiter in 1973 and sent back pictures and information to the Earth before moving on to the outer planets and the limits of the solar system, which it finally left altogether. 41. More recently the trend has been away from exploring the furthest limits of the solar system and attention has been lefted on putting space stations into orbit round the Earth, in the hope that they will eventually become permanent and so provide Man with a jumping-off stage for reaching other planets. 42. A period of 94 days, thereby setting up a new space endurance record. The Russians have since completed a 180-day mission, the two-man crews only being changed every six months. 43. The Russians also intend to send cosmonauts from all the Intercosmos countries into space by 1983. The first step has been taken by sending a Czechoslovak cosmonaut to Salyut VI and they are planning to send a Polish cosmonaut into 45 space this year. 44. The Americans expect to launch their four-man space lab, which has been developed in co-operation with the European Space Agency, in 1981.