1.Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage with one suitable word. In recent years, especially (1) the end of the Second World War, the impression has been created that the social services are no(2) directed at the particular (3) of individuals, and (4) part this is due to the introduction of the concept of the universality of welfare provisions. (5) was a transfer (6) attention from the few to (7) many, and the turning (8) was probably the publication of the Beveridge report in 1942. Hitherto the statutory social provision had been confined (9) particular occupational and income groups, (10) the Beveridge proposals (11) to all the adult population (12) of occupation or income. For example, payment of National Insurance benefits, interruption or cessation (13) income was not henceforth (14) be restricted to low income or specified occupational groups, and a National Health Service (15) to be made available to everyone from the cradle to the grave. petc03 Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the space. 3. On Top of the Volcano Japan, more than any other country in the modern world, provides a (0)......(STRIKE) -> striking example of what technology can achieve and also of the problems such 16) (TECHNOLOGY) advance inevitably brings with it. In little more than fifty years it has been transformed from a largely (17) (AGRICULTURE) country into one of the most densely populated, most highly (18) (INDUSTRY) nations in the world. Nevertheless, while most of us are conscious of this (19) ( PHENOMENON) development we are probably not as aware of the handicaps (20) INHERE in Japan's physical environment, the natural hazards the country is subject to, and the (21) (RELATION) between these (22) (AVOID) hazards and the technological explosion. Even though many of the man-made pressures on society and the (23) (CONSEQUENCE) problems of pollution are similar to ours, Japan has far more serious natural hazards to cope with. It lies on a point where two continental plates meet so that there is a constant risk of volcanic (24) (ERUPT) and earthquakes. Tokyo therefore shares with San Francisco the (25) (ENVIABLE) reputation of being a city certain to be affected in the future by an earthquake similar to the one which killed 140,000 people in 1923. petc03part2 For questions 26-31 choose which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. Mrs Murgatroyd 'And there's another thing,' said Mrs Murgatroyd. Beside her in the taxi her husband concealed a small sigh. With Mrs Murgatroyd there was always another thing. No matter how well things were (26)...., Edna Murgatroyd went through life to the accompaniment of a running commentary of complaints, an endless litany of dissatisfaction. In short, she (27).... without cease. In the seat beside the driver, Higgins, the young executive from head office, who had been selected for the week's vacation at the (28).... of the bank on the grounds of being 'most (29).... newcomer' of the year, sat silent. He was in foreign exchange, an eager young man whom they had only met at London airport twelve hours earlier and whose natural enthusiasm had gradually (30).... away before the onslaught of Mrs Murgatroyd. The driver, full of smiles when they selected his taxi for the run to the hotel a few minutes earlier, had also caught the mood, and he too had (31).... into silence. 26 A doing B getting C going D being 27 A nagged B gossiped C uttered D voiced 28 A liability B expense C debit D deficit 29 A promising B emerging C favourable D auspicious 30 A washed B ebbed C dripped D rinsed 31 A paused B reposed C lapsed D desisted pec03 For questions 26-31 choose which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. LITERATURE Such convictions seem to 32...... a residue of magical thinking. The recourse to images of ascent which their adherents manifest, the emphasis on purity, the 33...... from the earthly contamination, and the 34...... towards a belief in inspiration, all belong to the traditional ambience of priesthoods and mystery cults. Those who hold such views about literature are likely, also, to resent 35...... attempts to relate authors' works to their lives. The biographical approach, it is argued, debases literature by tying it to mere reality: we should 36...... texts from their authors, and contemplate them pure and disembodied, or 37...... only in the company of other equally pure and disembodied texts. 32. A. delegate B. represent C. retread D. rebate 33. A. repress B. regress C. retract D. recoil 34. A. tendency B. declension C. relish D. aptitude 35. A. vital B. crucial C. critical D. censorious 36. A. unsnap B. redeem C. release D. excuss 37. A. at any rate B. at any pace C. at any race D. at any rhythm